Studi Penerapan Sistem Logistik Pengiriman Barang Dalam Negeri di Indonesia (Studi Kasus: Komoditas Kain)

Dorongan transformasi logistik ke era digital dicetuskan oleh Kementerian Perindustrian dan Kementerian Perhubungan guna mendukung efisiensi biaya logistik, penurunan biaya administrasi, dan mengeliminasi biaya memindahkan dokumen fisik lintas batas internasional. Tapi dalam pelaksanaan proses digitalisasi logistik domestik lebih besar tantangannya. Hal ini masih terjadi karena banyaknya pemain konvensional yang berada pada tingkat lokal. Studi ini mencoba menggambarkan bagaimana sistem logistik perdagangan antar pulau di Indonesia komoditas kain saat ini berjalan dan bagaimana perdagangan elektronik (e-commerce) mempengaruhi bisnis logistik komoditas kain. Studi dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan jasa dan layanan pengiriman barang antar pulau yang tersedia, kemudian akan dibandingkan dari segi biaya dan waktu pengiriman. Selain itu akan dijabarkan mengenai dampak marketplace dan gudang digital terhadap sistem logistik yang telah berjalan. Diperoleh hasil bahwa dengan sistem logistik perdagangan antar pulau komoditas kain di Indonesia yang berjalan saat ini hampir seluruh bisnis skala kecil menggunakan jasa logistics service provider kargo dengan moda gabungan truk dan kapal, sistem incoterms yang digunakan adalah ex-works. Total biaya logistik untuk mengirim 10 roll kain furing dengan berat 30 kg dari Bandung menuju Makasaar adalah sebesar 242,400 Rupiah selama 11 hari. Pengiriman jasa 3PL menggunakan FCL 20” mampu mengangkut 12617 roll kain furing dengan biaya logistik 47,229,600 Rupiah dan waktu kirim 15 hari. Pola pengiriman marketplace akan menjadi pola pengiriman optimum apabila kain yang dikirim jumlahnya di bawah 10 kg di setiap pengiriman. Jika pengiriman di atas 10 kg, pengiriman secara konvensional akan lebih murah. Sedangkan pola operasi menggunakan gudang digital untuk bisnis skala kecil dengan rata-rata pembelian kain per bulan 500 roll akan mengurangi biaya produksi per bulan hingga 120.239.443 Rupiah. ================================================================================================= The push for logistics transformation into the digital era was initiated by the Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of Transportation to support logistics cost efficiency and reduce administrative costs. However, in the implementation of the digitalization process for domestic logistics, the challenges are even greater. This is still happening because there are many conventional players who are at the local level. This study aims to investigate how the inter-island trade logistics system in Indonesia for fabric commodities is currently running and how electronic commerce affects the logistics business of fabric commodities. The study was conducted by collecting the available inter-island freight forwarding companies and their services, then compared in terms of cost and delivery time. In addition, it will explain the impact of the marketplace and digital warehouse on the existing logistics system. The results show that currently the inter-island trade logistics system for fabric commodities in Indonesia, almost all small-scale businesses use cargo logistics service providers with a combined truck and ship mode, with ex-works incoterms. Total logistics cost to send 10 rolls of furing fabric weighing 30 kg from Bandung to Makassar is 242,400 Rupiah for 11 days. Delivery of 3PL services using a 20” FCL is capable of transporting 12617 rolls of furing fabric with a logistics cost of 47,229,600 Rupiah and a delivery time of 15 days. Transaction via marketplace will give optimum shipping pattern if the amount of fabric sent is under 10 kg in each shipment. If the shipment is above 10 kg, using conventional shipping will get cheaper logistics cost. Meanwhile, the operation system using digital warehouses for small-scale businesses with an average purchase of 500 rolls of fabric per month will reduce production costs per month by up to 120,239,443 Rupiah