Analisis Kompetisi Antar Moda Darat Dan Laut: Lintasan Jawa Timur, Bali, Dan Nusa Tenggara Barat

Pengiriman muatan dari Pulau Jawa ke Lombok menggunakan moda transportasi darat menimbulkan permasalahan terhadap beban jalan dan kemacetan. Muatan tersebut adalah kendaraan roda dua yang setiap tahunnya mengalami peningkatan. Diketahui dari total volume pembelian Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat tahun 2019 sebesar 1.377.505.298 kg. Sehingga muncul kompetisi antar moda darat dan laut yang menimbulkan alternatif rute sebagai perbandingan biaya langsung dan tidak langsung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kompetisi antar moda darat dan laut lintasan Jawa Timur, Bali, dan Nusa Tenggara Barat dengan membandingkan biaya unit logistik minimum di masing-masing rute. Dengan menghitung biaya transportasi darat, biaya transportasi laut, dan biaya penyimpanan kemudian membagi kedua biaya transportasi tersebut dengan volume pengiriman maka didapatkan unit logistik biaya minimum. Model pengangkutan muatan yang menghasilkan biaya unit logistik minimum adalah terdapat pada rute 3a sebesar Rp 4.380.747 per ton. Terdapat dampak dari pengangkutan muatan kendaraan roda dua, biaya dampak terbesar terdapat pada rute 1 yaitu sebesar 25 Triliun Rupiah. Dampak terbesar disebabkan oleh biaya emisi truk dan kapal. Berdasarkan kompetisi pasar maka moda transportasi laut merupakan opsi terbaik jika kapasitas angkutnya di atas 40.000 ton. Berdasarkan analisis sensitivitas diketahui moda transportasi laut memiliki biaya unit minimum dibandingan jika volume muatan-jarak di atas 20.000.000 ton.km. =============================================================================================== Delivery of cargo from Java to Lombok using land transportation causes problems with road loads and congestion. The cargo is a two-wheeled vehicle which keeps increasing every year. It is known that the total purchase volume of West Nusa Tenggara Province in 2019 is 1,377,505,298 kg. As a result there is competition between land and sea transportation which arouses alternative routes as a comparison of direct and indirect costs. This study aims to determine the competition between land and sea transportation of East Java, Bali, and West Nusa Tenggara by comparing the minimum logistics unit costs on each route. By calculating land transportation costs, sea transportation costs, and storage costs, then dividing the two transportation costs by the shipping volume, the minimum logistics unit cost is obtained. The cargo transportation model that produces the minimum logistics unit cost is found on route 3a with Rp. 4,380,747 per ton. There is an impact from the transportation of two-wheeled vehicles, the largest impact cost is on route 1, which is 25 Trillion Rupiah. The biggest impact is caused by truck and ship emission costs. Based on market competition, if the carrying sea capacity is above 40,000 tons, sea transportation is the best opinion. Based on the sensitivity analysis, it is known that the sea transportation mode has a minimum unit cost compared to the cargo-distance volume above 20,000,000 tons.km