Desain Pabrik Ethylene Dari Sales Gas Di Sumatera Selatan Dengan Proses OCM

Sektor industri menjadi penggerak utama pembangunan ekonomi nasional, karena telah mampu memberikan kontribusi signifikan dalam peningkatan nilai tambah, lapangan kerja dan devisa, serta mampu memberikan kontribusi yang besar dalam pembentukan daya saing nasional. Etilena (ethene), H2C –– CH2, adalah bahan penyusun terbesar petrokimia. Etilena disebut pula hidrokarbon tak jenuh atau olefin digunakan untuk menghasilkan banyak produk akhir seperti plastik, resin, serat, dll. Berdasarkan rencana induk pembangunan industri nasional, etilena sendiri termasuk dalam 10 industri prioritas dalam penggerak utama pembangunan ekonomi nasional. Kajian pasar etilena menunjukkan bahwa produksi etilena masih belum memenuhi konsumsi kebutuhan etilena. Menurut laporan tahunan PT Chandra Asri (2019), 50% kebutuhan olefin di Indonesia berasal dari Chandra Asri, 23% Pertamina dan 27% masih import. Berdasarkan data Direktorat Jenderal Migas status per Januari 2017, Indonesia memiliki cadangan gas bumi konvensional mencapai 142.72 TSCF dengan komponen utama dalam gas bumi adalah metana (CH4). Dalam pemanfaatan komponen utama dalam gas bumi tersebut, metode pembuatan etilena yang sedang dalam pengembangan yaitu Oxidative Coupling Methane. Metode tersebut memanfaatkan bahan baku sales gas dengan komposisi gas metana 80-95% yang akan menghasilkan yield etilena 20 – 34%. Pabrik ini dibangun guna memenuhi kebutuhan ethylene dalam negeri dan rencananya akan didirikan di Kawasan Ekonomi Terpadu (KEK), Sumatera Selatan dengan meninjau ketersediaan bahan baku, utilitas, sumber tenaga kerja, aksesabilitas dan fasilitas transportasi, iklim dan topograf1. Metode yang digunakan dalam pembuatan etilena pada pabrik ini yaitu Oxidative Coupling Methane dengan bahan baku sales gas. Pabrik direncanakan beroperasi secara kontinu 24 jam selama 330 hari per tahun dengan kapasitas produksi 330 KTA. Sumber dana untuk pendirian pabrik berasal dari modal sendiri sebesar 30%, biaya investasi dan pinjaman sebesar 70% dengan bunga sebesar 6% per tahun. Berdasarkan perhitungan analisa ekonomi, diperoleh biaya investasi total/Total Capital Invesment USD 138.614.588 dan total biaya produksi (OPEX) sebesar USD 227.872.433; laju pengembalian modal / Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar 69%; laju inflasi sebesar 3% per tahun; waktu pengembalian modal / Pay Out Time (POT) sebesar 2,9 tahun; dan titik impas / Break Even Period (BEP) sebesar 13%. Sehingga, berdasarkan analisa BEP, POT, dan IRR, pabrik etilen ini layak untuk didirikan. ===================================================================================================== The industrial sector is the main driver of national economic development, because it has been able to make a significant contribution in increasing added-value, open employment and increasings foreign exchange, as well as being able to make a major contribution to the formation of national competitiveness. Ethylene (ethene), H2C –– CH2, is the largest constituent of petrochemicals. Ethylene also called unsaturated hydrocarbon or olefin is used to produce many end products such as plastics, resins, fibers, etc. Based on the national industrial development master plan, ethylene itself is included in the 10 priority industries in the main driver of national economic development. Ethylene market studies show that ethylene production still does not meet the consumption needs of ethylene. According to PT Chandra Asri's annual report (2019), 50% of Indonesia's olefin production come from Chandra Asri, 23% from Pertamina and 27% still imported. Based on data from the Directorate General of Oil and Gas status as of January 2017, Indonesia has conventional natural gas reserves reaching 142.72 TSCF with the main component in natural gas is methane (CH4). In the utilization of the main component in natural gas, the method of making ethylene is being developed, namely Oxidative Coupling Methane. This method utilizes raw material from sales gas with a composition of 80-95% methane gas which will produce an ethylene yield of 20-34%. This plant was built to meet domestic ethylene needs and is planned to be established in the Integrated Economic Zone (SEZ), South Sumatra by reviewing the availability of raw materials, utilities, labor sources, accessibility and transportation facilities, climate and topography. The method used in the manufacture of ethylene in this plant is Oxidative Coupling Methane with sales gas as raw material. The factory is planned to operate continuously 24 hours for 330 days per year with a production capacity of 330 KTA. Sources of funds for the establishment of the factory comes from own capital of 30%, investment costs and loans of 70% with an interest of 6% per year. Based on the calculation of the economic analysis, the total investment cost/Total Capital Investment is USD 138,614,588 and the total production cost (OPEX) is USD 227,872,433; the rate of return on capital / Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 69%; inflation rate of 3% per year; Payout Time (POT) of 2.9 years; and the break-even point (BEP) of 13%. So, based on BEP, POT, and IRR analysis, this ethylene plant is feasible to build. Keywords : Ethylene, OCM Process, Sales Ga