Aplikasi Hasil Pelindihan Anoda Bekas Menggunakan Asam Klorida Sebagai Anoda Baru LiB

Daur ulang grafit dari baterai litium-ion (LiB) bekas memainkan peran penting dalam mengurangi kekurangan sumber daya grafit dan melindungi lingkungan dari limbah yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini melakukan daur ulang anoda grafit melalui proses pencucian DMC-NMP, pelindihan HCl; HCl:H2O2, dan kalsinasi suhu 500°C selama 1 jam menggunakan aliran gas nitrogen. Variasi perlakuan yang dilakukan meliputi: material anoda setelah pencucian DMC-NMP, pelindihan HCl, dan pelindihan HCl:H2O2 masing-masing menghasilkan persen recovery 70,72; 75,95; dan 73,74%. Hasil karakterisasi FTIR menunjukkan seluruh variasi sampel memiliki puncak serapan yang menunjukkan gugus fungsi C≡C; C-C stretching; dan CH2 bending, perbedaannya pada intensitas serapan yang dihasilkan. Hasil XRD pada seluruh variasi perlakuan mengkonfirmasi terbentuknya struktur grafit. Sampel dengan pelindihan HCl:H2O2 memiliki puncak serapan FTIR dan puncak difraksi XRD yang tinggi dan jelas dibandingkan sampel lain. Hasil karakterisasi SEM juga menunjukkan pelindihan dengan HCl:H2O2 memiliki diameter rata-rata terkecil 17,52µm dibandingkan variasi sampel lainya. Uji performa baterai berbagai sampel menunjukkan hasil Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) dan Charge-Discarge (CD) terbaik pada sampel dengan pelindihan HCl:H2O2 menghasilkan konduktivitas sebesar 3,08 x10-5 S/cm dengan persentase 83,29% yang dibandingkan grafit komersial. Hasil kapasitas pengosongan sebesar 342.39 mAh.g-1 dengan persentase 98,08%. Pengujian Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) berbagai sampel menunjukkan potensial oksidasi-reduksi memiliki pola yang hampir sama, perbedaannya pada intensitas arus puncak yang dihasilkan. Nilai potensial kerja terendah terdapat pada pelindihan HCl sebesar 0,46V pada cycle-1 dan 0,235 pada cycle-2 dengan persentase dibanding grafit komersial 97 dan 95%. ===================================================================================================== The recycling of graphite from spent lithium-ion (LiB) batteries played an important role in reducing the shortage of graphite resources and protecting the environment from the waste generated. This study proposed a graphite anode recycling method through the DMC-NMP washing process, HCl leaching; HCl:H2O2, and calcined at 500°C for 1 hour using nitrogen gas stream. Variations of treatments was included: anode material after DMC-NMP washing, HCl leaching, and HCl: H2O2 leaching woth each yielded a percent recovery of 70.72; 75.95; and 73.74%. The results of FTIR characterization showed that all sample variations had absorption peaks indicating the C≡C functional group; C-C stretching; and CH2 bending, the difference was in the absorption result intensity. XRD results for all treatment variations confirmed the formation of graphite structures. Samples with HCl: H2O2 leaching had high and clear FTIR absorption peaks and XRD infraction peaks compared to other samples. The results of SEM characterization also showed that leaching with HCl: H2O2 had the smallest average diameter of 17.52µm compared to other sample variations. Battery performance tests of various samples showed the best results of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Charge-Discarge (CD) on samples with HCl: H2O2 leaching yielding a conductivity of 3.08 x10-5 S/cm with a percentage of 83.29% compared to commercial graphite. The result of the discharge capacity was 342.39 mAh.g-1 with percentage 98.08%. Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) testing of various samples showed that the oxidation-reduction potential had almost the same pattern, the difference was in the intensity of the peak current produced. The lowest working potential value was found in HCl leaching of 0.46V in cycle-1 and 0.235 in cycle-2 with the proportions compared to commercial graphite 97 and 95%