PENGUKURAN TINGKAT AWARENESS MASYARAKAT TERHADAP MITIGASI BENCANA DI KOTA BANDA ACEH

Pada tahun 2004, Aceh dilanda bencana gempa dan tsunami besar yang mengakibatkan sekitar 280.000 jiwa meninggal dunia, 11.000 jiwa dinyatakan hilang, dan 37.000 jiwa luka-luka. Dalam bencana tersebut, banyak masyarakat yang belum sadar dan paham tentang upaya penyelamatan diri sehingga banyak menimbulkan korban jiwa. Sehingga Antisipasi dan kesadaran terhadap bencana sangat penting untuk ditumbuhkan dan dievaluasi secara rutin. Berdasarkan hasil survei awal diperoleh hasil bahwa tingkat awareness masyarakat terhadap mitigasi bencana masih kurang. Sebanyak 79% dari masyarakat mengaku tidak pernah menerima pembekalan simulasi mitigasi bencana, sehingga tidak paham cara untuk mengaplikasikannya. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai tingkat awareness masyarakat terhadap mitigasi bencana. Penelitian ini mengembangkan Scorecard Disaster Mitigation Awareness dengan mengacu pada 4 level maturity dan menggunakan kuesioner sebagai alat ukur. Scorecard terdiri dari 7 bagian yaitu 1 bagian data diri responden dan 6 bagian sesuai dengan jumlah kriteria yang mempengaruhi tingkat awareness masyarakat terhadap mitigasi bencana yaitu Demografis, Pengetahuan dan Kesadaran terhadap Cascading Bencana, Preparedness Action, pemahaman terhadap Kesiapsiagaan Masyarakat, Mobilisasi Sumber Daya dan Disaster Experience. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kriteria yang paling berpotensi menimbulkan rendahnya tingkat awareness masyarakat terhadap mitigasi bencana adalah Preparedness Action. Selain itu, rekomendasi yang diharapkan adalah pemerintah bekerja sama dengan masyarakat untuk mengadakan kegiatan sosialisasi dan simulasi rutin mengenai mitigasi bencana serta memperbaiki dan melengkapi seluruh rambu dan papan informasi bencana di Kota Banda Aceh ==================================================================================================== In 2004, Aceh was hit by a large earthquake and tsunami that resulted in around 280,000 people being killed, 11,000 people missing, and 37,000 injured. When the disaster happened, many people were not aware and undesrtand about self-rescue efforts, resulting in many casualties. So that anticipation and awareness of disasters is very important to be grown and evaluated on a regular basis. Based on the results of the initial survey, it was found that the level of public awareness of disaster mitigation was still lacking. 79% of the community admitted that they had never received any briefing or simulation on disaster mitigation, so they did not understand how to apply it. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a research on the level of public awareness of disaster mitigation. This study developed a Disaster Mitigation Awareness Scorecard with reference to 4 levels of maturity and used a questionnaire as a measuring tool. The scorecard consists of 7 parts, namely 1 part of the respondent's personal data and 6 parts according to the number of criteria factors that affect the level of public awareness of disaster mitigation, namely Demographics, Knowledge and Awareness of Disaster Cascading, Preparedness Action, understanding of Community Preparedness, Resource Mobilization and Disaster Experience. The results of the study indicate that the criterion that has the most potential to cause a low level of public awareness of disaster mitigation is Preparedness Action. In addition, the expected recommendation is that the government works with the community should hold regular socialization activities and simulations regarding disaster mitigation as well as repair and complete all disaster information signs and boards in Banda Aceh City