Dynamic metabolism modeling as a decision-support tool for urban water utilities applied to the upstream of the water system in Oslo, Norway

The paper presents, first, the ‘Dynamic Metabolism Model’ (DMM), developed by the authors, followed by an application to the city of Oslo, capital city of Norway. The time period considered for the analysis is 2013-2043. The external factors impacting decision-making and interventions are talked about in brief, and some realistic scenarios revolving around these factors are drawn up for testing, after consultation with officials at the Oslo Water and Wastewater Works. Possible interventions that the utility intends to set in motion on the upstream are defined and numerically interpreted for incorporation into the DMM