This article outlines some elements for a marxist reading of the thesis of Cognitive Capitalism, a project that insists upon rereading the historical development of the knowledge economy from the point of view of the capital/labour relation. The first part of the article will be devoted to explaining outlines a method of analysis in order to the role of knowledge in the long-term development of capitalism. The second part of the article is dedicated to providing an historical perspective for the crisis of industrial capitalism and the transition towards cognitive capitalism.Cet article propose une approche marxiste de la thèse du capitalisme cognitif et repose sur une grille de lecture où les transformations de la connaissance sont appréhen...