Influence of network constraints and product split on the possible revenue of distributed generators providing ancillary services

The total required ancillary services power will increase due to the decrease of the number of traditional generating units and rise of renewable energy resources (RES). New ancillary services providers will be necessary. Thus, RES could cov-er these new ancillary services needs. This study is focused on the PV system capability on 18 kV network to export an-cillary services to transmission level. Three different commercial behaviours, product splits, with different power share in energy and balancing market are defined. In order to evaluate the proposed product splits their revenue is calculated. Past energy tariffs and market prices as well as ancillary services market prices are used. Based on past data on second-ary and tertiary control powers, a scenario based on ancillary services market prices implementation is evaluated. Two options are considered: in option 1, the product split at maximum product price and product (secondary or tertiary con-trol) is chosen for each time interval based on the mean price and standard deviation; In option 2, the product split at maximum product price and product is chosen for each instant based on prices. The revenues are calculated based on optimal power flow results for several proposed product splits and product options