Study the Frequency of Colorectal Carcinoma in Anorectal OPD of Department of Shalya Tantra S. S. Hospital, BHU : An Overview

Colorectal cancer starts in the colon or the rectum. These cancers can also be named colon cancer or rectal cancer, depending on the site of its origin. Colon cancer and rectal cancer are often grouped together because they have many common features. Most common malignancy in the gastrointestinal tract is the colorectal cancer. Usually in early stage colorectal cancer is asymptomatic. Clinical symptoms are limited and develop slowly over time. There are, however, a few symptoms or signs that most frequently lead to diagnostic evaluation. These symptoms include lower gastrointestinal bleeding or occult bleeding with resultant microcytic / iron deficiency anemia, changes in bowel habits and abdominal pain, painful defecation, stool mix with blood and mucous, increase frequency of defecation, morning spurious diarrhea, mass present at anal verge, anal canal or rectum which may or may not bleed on touch. Sometimes most of patients having Complains of bleeding per rectum, painful defecation, something coming out during defecation are treated as simple anorectal diseases without digital rectal examination by general practitioner and surgeon inspite being the cases of Colorectal Carcinoma. Colorectal cancer may also progress and present as large bowel obstruction or even as perforation, either at the site of the tumors or proximally. Up to 20 – 25% of colon cancer cases present as emergencies; in contrast to this only a small number of rectal cancer cases present as emergencies