Exposure to indoor and outdoor air pollution among children under five years old in urban area

The study assessed children’s exposure to indoor and outdoor PM2.5 in Yopougon Municipality (Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire) with detailed analysis of variables. In Côte d’Ivoire, 73% of the population uses biomass (charcoal or wood) for cooking. Factors such as burning of biomass fuel for cooking, non-separate kitchens, absence of windows, and low-quality building materials are attributed to higher exposure to indoor pollutants. Indoor air pollution associated with cooking and heating biomass fuel burning is estimated to be responsible for 7 million deaths globally (2016); in sub-Saharan Africa, 700 million people depend on biomass for cooking