A study to determine the association of serum uric acid and urine uric acid with different levels of glucose

Introduction: Uric acid is end product of purine metabolism in human beings, possesses both antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties. Uric acid has proven emerging roles in various diseases such as gout, renal dysfunction, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes and obesity. Material and Methods: This was anobservational and Cross-Sectional Study conducted at ESIC Medical college and hospital, Kalaburagi, Karnataka from April 2019 to September 2019 with a Sample Size of 100 Subjects, which includes 50 cases and 50 controls. Individuals in the age group 30-70 years suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus, which is defined as fasting serum glucose ≥ 126mg/dl were included.Result: The fasting blood sugars (FBS) of the subjects had mean of 83.9±13.43 mg/dl in control group, in Group I cases had 170.71±19.80 mg/dl and in Group II cases had 307.54±203.68 mg/dl. Uric acid in control group had level of 3.85±1.41 mg/dl, in Group I cases had 7.27±0.35 mg/dl and in Group II cases had 4.9±3.89 mg/dl. The urinary uric acid level 578±82.02 mg/day in control group, in Group I cases had 364.31±40.31 mg/day and in Group II cases had 999.13±899.44md/day. There is statistical significant difference between control and group I cases (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Initial increase in Serum Uric acid and decrease in Urinary Uric acid with hyperglycaemia can be due to hyperinsulinemia, urate redox shuttle, microvascular injury and/or increase generation and activity of Xanthine oxidase. Decrease in Serum Uric acid and increase in Urinary Uric acid with advancing hyperglycaemia can be due to glycosuria causing uricosuria and decrease in sodium reabsorption