Management of Corporate Finance

Svrha ovog završnog rada bila je upoznati poduzeće i novčani tok poduzeća. Poduzeće čini temeljni ekonomski objekt proučavanja gospodarstva. Bez poduzeća i poduzetnike ne samo da ne bi postojali uvjeti za postojanjem gospodarstva već ne bi bilo moguće živjeti u društvu kojeg smo stvorili. Sve se više uočava sama važnost poduzeća za funkcioniranje i razvijanje društva, ekonomije, gospodarstva, intelektualnog i tehnološkog saznanja. Kako bi poduzeće uopće moglo postojati ono mora imati novac. Novac kojim poduzeće raspolaže može nabavit kroz vlastite izvore financiranja ili kroz tuđe izvore financiranja. Vlastiti izvori su jeftinija varijanta financiranja no na žalost samo vlastiti izvori često nisu dovoljni kako bi poduzeće ostvarilo zacrtane ciljeve. Kada unutarnji izvori nisu dovoljni poduzeće pribjegava vanjskim izvorima financiranja koji samo poduzeće dođe skuplje, no ono je dovoljno kako bi zadovoljilo potrebe poduzeća i omogućilo mu da ostvari svoje ciljeve. Cilj svakog poduzeća morao bi biti stvoriti takvo poslovanje gdje je moguće održavati stalni ritam te se postepeno širiti i na druga tržišta i biti samoodrživo, tj. poduzeće mora biti dovoljno jako i razvijeno da vlastite troškove poslovanja može financirati sa svojim radom, dok će za investiranja uglavnom morati pronaći druge načine financiranja. Osigurati novac za investiranje je glavna zadaća financijske jedinice u poduzeću. Financijski menadžeri od kojih se i sastoji financijska jedinica moraju biti sposobni pravovremeno osigurati novac za investicije. Osim što financijski menadžeri moraju osigurati novac za financiranje projekata i širenje poduzeća, oni još moraju nadgledavati tok kojim se novac za investicije kreće, biti odgovorni za svaki dodatni trošak koji se stvori tokom poslovanja i moraju znati odabrati dobre investicije od loših. Samo poslovanje i investiranje nije moguće bez troškova, te su troškovi poslovanja neophodni dio poslovanja poduzeća. Bez troškova poduzeće ne bi moglo funkcionirati. Osim troškova i pribavljanja novca, poduzeće mora obratiti i pažnju na političko, društveno, kulturno i konkurencijsko okruženje u kojem djeluje. Poduzeća koja su trenutno najuspješnija na tržištu prisiljena su ulagati u svoj razvoj i tehnologiju te motriti konkurenciju svakog trena, u suprotnome se može dogoditi da će ga slabija konkurentska poduzeća prestići novim inovacijama ili tehnologijom te zauzet njegov dio tržišta. Najbitnije odluke koje se donose u vezi financiranja projekata i ostalih potrepština poduzeća donosi financijska funkcija, ta funkcija za zadatak ima osigurati poduzeću potrebna financijska sredstva, za što je potrebno veliko znanje i iskustvo samih financijskih menadžera.The purpose of this final paper was to get to know the company and the cash flow of the company. The enterprise constitutes the fundamental economic object of the study of the economy. Without companies and entrepreneurs, not only would the conditions for the existence of the economy exist, but it would not be possible to live in the society we have created. The importance of companies for the functioning and development of society, economy, business, intellectual and technological knowledge is becoming more and more noticeable. In order for a company to exist at all, it must have money. The money available to the company can be obtained through its own sources of financing or through other sources of financing. Own sources are a cheaper variant of financing, but unfortunately only own sources are often not enough for the company to achieve the set goals. When internal resources are not enough, the company resorts to external sources of financing, which the company itself comes to more expensive, but it is enough to meet the needs of the company and enable it to achieve its goals. The goal of every company should be to create such a business where it is possible to maintain a constant rhythm and gradually expand to other markets and be self-sustainable, in the company must be strong and developed enough to finance its own operating costs, while investing generally have to find other ways of financing. Securing money for investment is the main task of a financial unit in a company. The financial managers of which the financial unit consists must be able to secure money for investments in a timely manner. In addition to financial managers having to provide money to finance projects and expand businesses, they still need to monitor the flow of money for investments, be responsible for any additional costs created during business and must know how to choose good investments from bad ones. Business and investment alone are not possible without costs, and operating costs are a necessary part of a company's business. Without costs, the company would not be able to function. In addition to costs and raising money, the company must pay attention to the political, social, cultural and competitive environment in which it operates. Although companies are currently the best in the market, they are forced to invest in their development and technology and monitor competition at all times, otherwise weaker competing companies may overtake it with new innovations or technology and occupy its market share. The most important decisions made regarding the financing of projects and other needs of the company are made by the financial function, this function has the task of providing the company with the necessary financial resources, which requires great knowledge and experience of financial managers