CYTOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS OF LYMPH NODES

Cilj istraživanja: Utvrditi udio abnormalnih limfnih čvorova u odnosu na dob, spol i lokalizaciju promjene kao i utvrditi vrijednost punkcije tankom iglom i citološke analize u diferencijalnoj dijagnostici patološkog limfnog čvora. Materijali i metode: Analizirano je 510 uzoraka punktata limfnih čvorova dobivenih punkcijom tankom iglom, analiziranih na Odjelu za kliničku citologiju KBC Split od 1. siječnja 2019. do 31. prosinca 2019. godine Klinički podatci kao i podacti o rezultatima citološke analize punktata limfnih čvorova dobiveni su uvidom u medicinsku dokumentaciju. Rezultati: Od 510 punktata limfnih čvorova analiziranih u istraživanju, patološki limfni čvor dijagnosticiran je u 52% uzoraka i to u 51% muškaraca. Medijan životne dobi bio je 66,5 godina, a samo 3,4% ispitanika bilo je mlađe od 30 godina. Dijagnoza patološkog limfnog čvora je u 94,6% slučajeva postavljena iz punktata perifernog limfnog čvora. Najčešća lokalizacija patološkog limfnog čvora bili su vrat te aksilarna regija. Metastatski limfni čvor dijagnosticiran je u 64% ispitanika, s nepoznatim primarnim sijelom malignog tumora u 37,2% ispitanika. Metastatski karcinom dojke dijagnosticiran je u 12,2% žena. Među metastatskim karcinomima štitnjače papilarni karcinom dijagnosticiran je u 80% ispitanika. U 36% ispitanika nađena je primarna bolest limfnog čvora uz predominaciju non Hodgkin limfoma (90,7%). Zaključak: Punkcija tankom iglom i citološka analiza limfnog čvora je jednostavna, ali korisna, a ponekad i jedina metoda u dijagnostici patoloških limfnih čvorova, a zlatni je standard u dijagnostici metastatske bolesti.Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the proportion of abnormal lymph nodes in relation to age, gender and localization of the abnormal lymph nodes as well as to analyze the utility of FNAC in the diferential diagnosis of lymph nodes malignancy. Patients and methods: The study included 510 samples of lymph node FNA analyzed at the Department of Clinical Cytology University Hospital Split, from January 1st 2019 till December 31st 2019. Clinical data and cytologic diagnosis were colected from the medical records of the Department. Results: Of the 510 samples analyzed in this study, abnormal lymph nodes were diagnosed in 52% cases. Among these patients, 49% were men. The median age of the patient was 66,5 years and only 3,4% patients were younger then 30. Cytomorphologic diagnosis were made form peripheral lymph node FNA in 94,6% of patients. The most common localization of abnormal lymph nodes was the neck and axillary region. Metastatic lymph nodes were diagnosed in 64% of patients, with unknown primary site of malignancy in 37,2%. Metastatic breast carcinoma was diagnosed in 12,2 % women. Among the metastatic thyroid carcinomas, 80% were papilary carcinoma Primary lymph node disease was found in 36% of cases and non Hodgkin lymphoma was the most common type (90,7%). Conclusion: Lymph node FNAC is a simple but very useful and somethimes the only tool in the diagnosis of lymph node abnormality and gold standard for metastatic disease