A possible use of melatonin in the dental field: Protein adsorption and in vitro cell response on coated titanium

[EN] Melatonin (MLT) is widely known for regulating the circadian cycles and has been studied for its role in bone regeneration and inflammation. Its application as a coating for dental implants can condition the local micro environment, affecting protein deposition on its surface and the cellular and tissue response. Using sol-gel coatings as a release vehicle for MLT, the aim of this work was to assess the potential of this molecule in improving the osseointegration and inflammatory responses of a titanium substrate. The materials obtained were physicochemically characterized (scanning electron microscopy, contact angle, roughness, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, Si release, MLT liberation, and degradation) and studied in vitro with MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells and RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Although MLT application led to an increased gene expression of RUNX2 and BMP2 in 10MTL, it did not improve ALP activity. On the other hand, MLT-enriched sol-gel materials presented potential effects in the adsorption of proteins related to inflammation, coagulation and angiogenesis pathways depending on the dosage used. Using LC-MS/MS, protein adsorption patterns were studied after incubation with human serum. Proteins related to the complement systems (CO7, IC1, CO5, CO8A, and CO9) were less adsorbed in materials with MLT; on the other hand, proteins with functions in the coagulation and angiogenesis pathways, such as A2GL and PLMN, showed a significant adsorption pattern.This work was supported by MINECO [MAT MAT2017-86043-R; RTC-2017-6147-1], Universitat Jaume I under [UJI-B2017-37; POSDOC/2019/28], Generalitat Valenciana [GRISOLIAP/2018/091], University of the Basque Country under [UFI11/56] and Basque Government under [PRE_2017_2_0044]. CIC bioGUNE is supported by Basque Department of Industry, Tourism and Trade (Etortek and Elkartek programs), the Innovation Technology Department of the Bizkaia County; The ProteoRed-ISCIII (Grant PRB3 IPT17/0019); CIBERehd Network and Severo Ochoa Grant (SEV-2016-0644). Authors would like to thank Antonio Coso (GMI-Ilerimplant) for their inestimable contribution to this study, and Raquel Oliver, Jose Ortega (UJI) and Iraide Escobes (CIC bioGUNE) for their valuable technical assistance.Cerqueira, A.; Romero-Gavilán, F.; Araujo-Gomes, N.; García-Arnáez, I.; Martínez-Ramos, C.; Ozturan, S.; Azkargorta, M.... (2020). A possible use of melatonin in the dental field: Protein adsorption and in vitro cell response on coated titanium. Materials Science and Engineering C: Materials for Biological Applications (Online). 116:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2020.111262110116Smeets, R., Stadlinger, B., Schwarz, F., Beck-Broichsitter, B., Jung, O., Precht, C., … Ebker, T. (2016). 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