CARDIOPROTECTIVE EFFICACY OF NELUMBO NUCIFERA LEAF EXTRACT ON GLYCOPROTEIN, MEMBRANE BOUND ATPASE AND LYSOSOMAL ENZYMES AGAINST ISOPROTERENOL INDUCED CARDIOTOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS

Objective: Nelumbo nucifera, an Indian Ayurvedic herbal medicine, which provides significant protection against myocardial infarction and hypertension. However, there is lack of information regarding the effect of NNE on the cardiac changes associated with isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction (MI) This study aimed to evaluate the combined preventive effects of NNE on glycoprotein, membrane bound ATPases and lysosomal enzymes in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarcted rats. Methods: Male rats were pretreated with Nelumbo nucifera leaf extract (NNE) (400 mg/kg) orally daily for 21 days. After pretreatment, rats were induced myocardial infarction by isoproterenol (100 mg/kg) at an interval of 24 h for 2 days to induce myocardial infarction. Results: Isoproterenol treated rats showed decreased levels of heart creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase. The activity of sodium potassium adenosine triphosphatase was decreased and the activities of magnesium adenosine triphosphatase and calcium adenosine triphosphatase were increased in isoproterenol treated rats. Also, the activities of β-glucuronidase, β-N-acetylglucosaminidase, β-galactosidase, cathepsin-B and D were increased (serum and heart), but the activities of β-glucuronidase and cathepsin-D were decreased in lysosomal fraction and increased in cytosolic fraction of the heart in isoproterenol treated rats. Pretreatment with NNE to isoproterenol treated rats normalized all the biochemical parameters studied. Conclusion: The observed effects are due to their membrane stabilizing property and this property might be due to decreased lipid peroxidation