International audienceThe Rockefeller Foundation played a great role in the development of social sciences in France during the interwar period, not only through its important financial support to many research institutes, but also through its intellectual cooperation with French academics in order to build collective research programs irrigated by the paradigm of empiric-quantitative research, and to develop the coordination of works undertaken in all institutes. This process is not analysed in this paper as a " diffusion/reception " process, but rather as a coproduction resulting from the confrontation of the French and American protagonists, whose positions and conceptions were in continual evolution and adjustment with each other throug...