White certificate schemes mandate energy companies to promote energy efficiency through flexibility mechanisms, including the trading of energy savings. They can be characterized as a quantity-based, baseline-and-credit system for the diffusion of energy efficient technologies. This paper offers a comprehensive comparison of experiences with white certificate schemes in Great Britain, Italy and France. Starting from the identification of the key drivers underlying each scheme, it proposes an original interpretation of this type of scheme as an adaptive instrument, in the sense that it can take different forms in response to specific institutional contexts. The analysis shows that schemes perform well in terms of static efficiency - they gen...
Energy efficiency commitments, often associated with tradable energy efficiency certificates, dubbed...
A number of Member States of the European Union (EU) have introduced market-based policy portfolios ...
Recently a number of countries have introduced market-based instruments to foster energy efficiency ...
White certificate schemes mandate energy companies to promote energy efficiency through flexibility ...
White certificate schemes mandate energy companies to promote energy efficiency with flexibility mec...
White certificates schemes mandate competing energy companies to promote energy efficiency with flex...
White certificate schemes : the static and dynamic efficiency of an adaptive policy instrument / Lou...
Market-based instruments such as white certificates offer the potential to increase efficiency gains...
White certificate obligations impose energy savings targets on energy companies and allow them to tr...
White certificate obligations impose energy savings targets on energy companies and allow them to tr...
Recently a number of countries have introduced market-based instruments to foster energy efficiency ...
A number of European countries have introduced market-based instruments to foster energy efficiency ...
Recently a number of countries have introduced market-based instruments to foster energy efficiency ...
Energy efficiency commitments, often associated with tradable energy efficiency certificates, dubbed...
A number of Member States of the European Union (EU) have introduced market-based policy portfolios ...
Recently a number of countries have introduced market-based instruments to foster energy efficiency ...
White certificate schemes mandate energy companies to promote energy efficiency through flexibility ...
White certificate schemes mandate energy companies to promote energy efficiency with flexibility mec...
White certificates schemes mandate competing energy companies to promote energy efficiency with flex...
White certificate schemes : the static and dynamic efficiency of an adaptive policy instrument / Lou...
Market-based instruments such as white certificates offer the potential to increase efficiency gains...
White certificate obligations impose energy savings targets on energy companies and allow them to tr...
White certificate obligations impose energy savings targets on energy companies and allow them to tr...
Recently a number of countries have introduced market-based instruments to foster energy efficiency ...
A number of European countries have introduced market-based instruments to foster energy efficiency ...
Recently a number of countries have introduced market-based instruments to foster energy efficiency ...
Energy efficiency commitments, often associated with tradable energy efficiency certificates, dubbed...
A number of Member States of the European Union (EU) have introduced market-based policy portfolios ...
Recently a number of countries have introduced market-based instruments to foster energy efficiency ...