ANALISIS KESALAHAN PENYELESAIAN SOAL CERITA MENGGUNAKAN TAHAPAN ANALISIS NEWMAN POKOK BAHASAN GEOMETRI BANGUN RUANG PADA SISWA KELAS 5 SD

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesalahan yang dialami siswa pada penyelesaian soal cerita matematika menggunakan tahapan Newman yang dilihat dari 5 kesalahan yaitu kesalahan membaca masalah (reading error), kesalahan memahami masalah (comprehension error), kesalahan transformasi masalah (transform error), kesalahan keterampilan proses (process skill error), dan kesalahan penulisan jawaban (encoding error) pada pokok bahasan geometri bangun ruang kelas 5 serta faktor penyebab dan solusinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif jenis studi kasus Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif jenis studi kasus dengan instumen peneliti itu sendiri serta dibantu dengan soal tes berbentuk cerita, wawancara serta studi dokumentasi. Penelitian dilaksanakan secara daring di bulan Juni hingga Juli dengan subjek 8 siswa dari salah satu sekolah dasar di Purwakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesalahan terbanyak yang dialami siswa adalah kesalahan memahami masalah (comprehension error) sebanyak 60 kesalahan dengan persentase 40,82%, dilanjut dengan kesalahan penulisan jawaban (encoding error) sebanyak 33 kesalahan dengan persentase 22,45%, kesalahan membaca masalah (reading error) sebanyak 20 kesalahan dengan persentase 13,61%, kesalahan keterampilan proses (process skill error) sebanyak 19 kesalahan dengan persentase 12,92%, dan kesalahan paling sedikit yaitu kesalahan transformasi masalah (transform error) sebanyak 15 kesalahan dengan persentase 10,20%. Adapun faktor penyebab siswa mengalami kesalahan adalah: (1) tidak terbiasa mengerjakan soal matematika yang berbentuk soal cerita dengan persentase 30,61%; (2) kesulitan dalam memahami masalah dengan persentase 27,89%; (3) tidak memahami materi bangun ruang dengan persentase sebesar 19,05%; dan (4) kecerobohan siswa dengan persentase 22,45%. ----- This research aims to analyze the errors experienced by students in solving math story problems using the Newman stages in terms of 5 errors, namely reading errors, comprehension errors, transform errors, process skills errors and encoding error on the subject of geometry in grade five as well as the causes and solutions. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study type with the research instrument itself and is assisted by test questions in the form of stories, interviews and documentation studies. The research was conducted online from June to July with 8 students from an elementary school in Purwakarta as the subject. The results showed that the most errors experienced by students were comprehension errors as many as 60 errors with a percentage of 40.82%, followed by encoding errors as many as 33 errors with a percentage of 22.45%, reading errors in problems as many as 20 errors with a percentage of 13.61%, process skill errors as many as 19 errors with a percentage of 12.92%, and the least error is a transformation error as many as 15 errors with a percentage of 10,20%. The factors that cause students to experience errors are: (1) not accustomed to working on math problems in the form of story questions with a percentage of 30.61%; (2) difficulty in understanding the problem with a percentage of 27.89%; (3) does not understand the material with a percentage of 19.05%; and (4) student carelessness with a percentage of 22.45%