Ship deck machines

U ovom završnom radu prikazani su i sustavno pojašnjeni osnovni palubni strojevi i uređaji bez kojih brod ne može sigurno ploviti kao što su sidreni uređaji i pritezna vitla. U radu je pored toga naglasak stavljen na teretne brodove kod kojih su uređaji i oprema za ukrcaj, iskrcaj ili premještaj tereta ugrađeni na brodskoj palubi. Ovisno o namjeni broda, područjima u kojima plove i lukama koje dotiču na teretnim brodovima su se, kroz dugotrajnu povijest pomorskog prijevoza, koristila različita sredstva prekrcajnog transporta. Najčešće su to bile samarice koje su pojedinačno ili udvojeno mogle opsluživati jedno ili više brodskih skladišta. Prvotno su bile pogonjene ljudskim radom gdje se je sustavom koloturnika višestruko povećavala sila podizanja, da bi s prihvaćanjem novih tehnologija ljudski rad zamijenili pogoni na paru, hidrauliku i električnu struju. Promjenom strukture tereta u pomorskom prijevozu, paletizacijom i kontejnerizacijom, samarice su postale trome i zamijenile su ih palubne dizalice (pokretne i nepokretne) te prekrcajni mostovi.In this final paper,the basic deck machines and devices without which a ship cannot sail safely, such as anchor devices and the mooring winches,are presented and systematically explained. In addition, the paper focuses on cargo ships in which devices and equipment for loading, unloading or moving cargo are installed on the ship's deck. Depending on the purpose of the ship, the areas in which they sail and the ports they touch on cargo ships, different means of transshipment have been used throughout the long history of maritime transport. Most often, these were derricks that could serve one or more ship's warehouses individually or in pairs. They were originally powered by human labor, where the lifting force multiplied the pulley system, and with the adoption of new technologies, human labor was replaced by steam, hydraulic and electric drives. With the change in the structure of cargo in maritime transport, palletizing and containerization, the derricks became sluggish and were replaced by deck cranes (mobile and stationary) and gantry cranes