Efficacy of a diet low in fermentable carbohydrates in treatment of iritable bowel syndrome

Sindrom iritabilnog crijeva (IBS) jedan je od najčešćih funkcionalnih gastrointestinalnih poremećaja u općoj populaciji. Liječenje IBS-a pretežno je simptomatsko te se dijetoterapija temelji na individualnoj toleranciji određenih namirnica, no u posljednjih nekoliko godina preporuke su usmjerene k smanjenju unosa fermentabilnih ugljikohidrata. Cilj ovog rada bio je pregledom literature procijeniti učinkovitost prehrane s niskim udjelom fermentabilnih ugljikohidrata u ublažavanju simptoma prisutnih u oboljelih od IBS-a. U tu svrhu pretražene su baze PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus i Web of Science korištenjem specifičnih kriterija, nakon čega je analizirano 6 randomiziranih kontroliranih studija koje su ispunjavale zadane parametre. Rezultati su pokazali uspješnost dijete u simptomatskom liječenju IBS-a te određenu prednost u usporedbi s drugim dijetama korištenima u iste svrhe. Zaključeno je da je dijeta učinkovita u umanjivanju nekih simptoma IBS, ali bez stručnog vodstva moguća je pojava nutritivnih deficita i negativnog djelovanja na crijevnu mikrobiotu.Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders in the general population. Treatment of IBS is predominantly symptomatic and diet therapy is based on individual tolerance of specific foods. However, in the last few years treatment recommendations have shifted towards dietary FODMAP reduction. The objective of this review was to assess the effectiveness of a low FODMAP diet in treating symptoms present within IBS. For this purpose, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched using specific criteria, after which the 6 randomised controlled studies possessing necessary parameters were analysed. The results demonstrated efficacy of the diet in symptomatic treatment of IBS and an advantage in comparison with other diets used for the same purpose. It was concluded that a low FODMAP diet is effective in treating some symptoms of IBS, but nutritive deficiencies and intestinal microbiota deterioration are possible without professional supervision