Exercising the right to one-time financial assistance and financial compensation for unemployed Croatian war veterans and members of their families in the Republic of Croatia

U ovome radu analizirat će se sustav ostvarivanja prava hrvatskih branitelja kroz razdoblja od 1992. godine do danas u obliku ostvarivanja prava na jednokratnu novčanu pomoć i opskrbninu, odnosno novčanu naknadu za nezaposlene hrvatske branitelje. Kako bi se kronološki prikazao način ostvarivanja navedenih prava, analizirat će se svi zakoni, uredbe i pravilnici zajedno sa njihovim izmjenama i dopunama koji su do sada bili primjenjivani i koji su trenutno na snazi. Za svaki relevantni propis, kroz poglavlja rada, prikazat će se kriteriji i postupci koji su se provodili u svrhu ostvarivanja navedenih prava. Jednokratnu novčanu pomoć uređivale su četiri uredbe, tri pravilnika i dva zakona. Prvi propis o ostvarivanju prava na jednokratnu novčanu pomoć bila je uredba Vlade Republike Hrvatske, a tek kasnije su se ta prava počela uređivati i zakonima, dok su se daljnje uredbe i pravilnici koristili za detaljniju razradu postupaka u ostvarivanju prava i utvrđivanja potrebnih uvjeta. Prvi propis o jednokratnoj novčanoj pomoći razlikuje se od kasnijih verzija propisa jer je donosen za vrijeme Domovinskog rata. On je služio kao baza za daljnje uređivanje prava, te se razvojem prakse pravnog reguliranja stvorio uobičajen koncept uvođenja ili izbacivanja uvjeta i zapreka koji su s vremenom postojali strožiji u ostvarivanju korisnikovih prava. Za ostvarivanje prava na opskrbninu, koja je kasnija promijenila naziv u novčanu naknadu za nezaposlene hrvatske branitelje iz Domovinskog rata, donesena su šest zakona i dva pravilnika do sada. Prvi propis je bio Zakon o zaštiti vojnih i civilnih invalida kojim su se uređivala i prava koja proizlaze iz II. svjetskog rata. Kasniji zakoni su preuzimanjem odgovarajućih odredbi iz ovog zakona postupno prelazili na uređivanje prava korisnika koji se odnose na Domovinski rat, tako da će se u drugom zakonu urediti pojam hrvatskog branitelja i ratnog vojnog invalida. U trećem zakonu vidjet će se kako se postupno prelazilo na korisnike koji se odnose samo na Domovinski rat, ostavljajući korisnike obiteljske invalidnine iz II. svjetskog rata prvom zakonu. Tek je četvrti zakon propisao da i hrvatski branitelji iz Domovinskog rata imaju pravo na opskrbninu te su se njime počela uređivati i prava hrvatskih branitelja i članova njihovih obitelji zajedno.This paper will analyze the system of Croatian war veterans exercising their rights through periods from 1992. to the present in the form of exercising their right to one-time financial assistance and benefits, i.e., financial compensation for unemployed Croatian war veterans. In order to chronologically present the manner of exercising these rights, all laws, regulations and rule books will be analyzed together with their amendments that have been applied so far and are currently in force. Through chapters of this paper, the criteria and procedures that have been implemented for the purpose of exercising the stated rights will be presented for each relevant regulation. One-time financial assistance was regulated by four regulations, three rule books and two laws. The first regulation on the exercise of the right to one-time financial assistance was a regulation of the Government of the Republic of Croatia, and only later these rights began to be regulated by laws, while further regulations and rule books were used to elaborate procedures for exercising rights and determining the necessary conditions. The first regulation on one-time financial assistance differs from later versions of the regulations because it was adopted during the Homeland War. It served as a basis for further regulation of rights, and with the development of the practice of legal regulation it created a common concept of introducing or removing conditions and obstacles that over time became stricter regarding the exercise of beneficiaries’rights. In order to exercise their rights to benefits, which later changed its name to a financial compensation for unemployed Croatian war veterans of the Homeland War, six laws and two rule books have been passed so far. The first regulation was the Law on the Protection of Military and Civilian Invalids, which also regulated the rights arising from World War II. By taking appropriate provisions from this law, later laws gradually moved to regulating the rights of beneficiaries related to the Homeland War, so the second law will regulate the concept of Croatian veteran and war invalid. The third law will show how the transition to beneficiaries related only to the Homeland War was gradually transferred, leaving the beneficiaries of the family disability allowance from World War II. to the first law. It was not until the fourth law that it was prescribed that Croatian veterans of the Homeland War also had the right to benefits, and it began to regulate the rights of Croatian veterans and members of their families together