Neoliberalism in education: university privatization and the Bologna system of education (critical approach)

Ovaj završni rad prikazuje značenje neoliberalizma kao ideologije te njegovu manifestaciju u obrazovnom sustavu. Neoliberalizam predstavlja teoriju politčko- ekonomskih praksi koja tvrdi da će ljudska dobrobit najviše napredovati ako se individualnim poduzetničkim slobodama i sposobnostima dopusti da se razbuktaju unutar institucionalnog okvira čvrstih imovinskih prava, slobodnog tržišta i slobodne trgovine. Prema teoriji neoliberalizma, državne intervencije u tržišta treba svesti na minimum jer država ne posjeduje dovoljno informacija da bi opravdano uvodila u pitanje tržišne signale. Privatizacija, povlačenje države iz mnogih područja socijalne skrbi te deregulacija postaju više nego uobičajene pojave. Stoga, zagovornici neoliberalnog pokreta danas drže pozicije koje i u obrazovanju imaju nezanemariv utjecaj. U obrazovnom sustavu, neoliberalizam se manifestira kroz privatizaciju, brze promjene unutar sustava, plaćanje školarina, usklađivanje sveučilišnog obrazovanja prema zahtjevima tržišta, razvoju vještina te sve većem zanemarivanju društvenih i humanističkih znanosti. Stoga, tržište sve više regulira obrazovanje ljudi prema trenutnim potrebama, a pristup visokom školstvu postaje sve skuplji i dolazi do raslojavanja ljudi prema statusu. Sve više su potrebni mladi, fleksibilni ljudi koji se lako prilagode tržištu koje se brzo mijenja. Brojni teoretičari iz područja društvenih i humanističkih znanosti su reagirali na takvo prestrukturiranje obrazovanja te se uputili u oštre kritike neoliberalizmu. U radu će se predstaviti neki od najpoznatijih teoretičara te njihovi stavovi prema neoliberalnom zaokretu u obrazovanju.This final paper presents the meaning of neoliberalism as an ideology and its manifestation in the education system. Neoliberalism is a theory of political and economic practices that argues that human well-being will thrive the most if individual entrepreneurial freedoms and abilities are allowed to flare up within the institutional framework of solid property rights, the free market, and free trade. According to the theory of neoliberalism, state interventions in markets should be minimized because the state does not have enough information to justifiably question market signals. Privatization, the withdrawal of the state from many areas of social welfare, and deregulation are becoming more common than usual. Therefore, the proponents of the neoliberal movement today hold positions that have a significant impact in education as well. In the education system, neoliberalism is manifested through privatization, rapid changes within the system, payment of tuition fees, harmonization of university education according to market demands, skills development and the growing neglect of the social sciences and humanities. Therefore, the market is increasingly regulating the education of people according to current needs, and access to higher education is becoming more expensive and there is a stratification of people according to status. There is a growing need for young, flexible people who can easily adapt to a rapidly changing market. Numerous theorists in the social sciences and humanities have reacted to such a restructuring of education and have sharply criticized neoliberalism. The paper will present some of the most famous theorists and their attitudes towards the neoliberal turn in education