MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS AS A CARRIER OF GLOBALIZATION : Graduate paper

Multinacionalne korporacije, kakvima se danas smatraju, razvijaju se u 19. stoljeću, no sam se termin multinacionalnih korporacija pojavljuje u 20. stoljeću. Multinacionalna korporacija predstavlja trgovačko društvo ili grupu trgovačkih društava s poslovnim jedinicama u dvije ili više država. Takva kompanija ima središte, odnosno matično društvo u jednoj državi i podružnice u ostalim državama. Pojavom globalizacije razvija se međunarodna otvorenost koja daje nacionalnim ekonomskim subjektima mogućnost preseljenja svog djelovanja i izvan zemlje. Razvoj međunarodne trgovine, znanosti, tehnologije, razmjene informacija i resursa uzroci su multinacionalnih korporacija kao nositelja globalizacije. Porastom inozemnih stranih ulaganja, šire se poslovne aktivnosti, ali i broj i moć multinacionalnih korporacija. Suvremene multinacionalne korporacije ključni su faktori mobilnosti kapitala, posrednici tehnologije i znanja, kao i poticanja pojave nacionalnih gospodarstava na svjetskim tržištima i ostvarivanje međunarodne suradnje. Multinacionalne korporacije pozitivno utječu na razvoj gospodarstva i stupanj nezaposlenosti, kao i na napredak znanosti i tehnologije, no negativne posljedice ostavljaju na politiku i monopol u pojedinim gospodarstvima.Multinational corporations, as they are considered today, were being developed in the 19th century, but the term multinational corporations itself appeared in the 20th century. A multinational corporation represents a company or group of companies with branches in two or more countries. Such a company has its headquarters, that is, its parent company in one country and its subsidiaries in other countries. With the advent of globalization, international openness is being developed, which gives national economic operators the opportunity to relocate their activities outside the country. The development of international trade, science, technology, exchange of information, and resources are the causes of multinational corporations as carriers of globalization. With the increase in foreign investment, business activities are expanding, as are the number and power of multinational corporations. Modern multinational corporations are vital drivers of capital mobility, mediators of technology, and knowledge, as well as fostering the emergence of national economies in world markets and pursuing international cooperation. Multinational corporations have a positive influence on the development of the economy and the level of unemployment, as well as the advancement of science and technology. Still, they have a negative impact on politics and monopoly in individual economies