INTERNAL MARKET OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AND FUNDAMENTAL FREEDOMS : Final paper

U središtu interesa ovog završnog rada nalazi se unutarnje tržište Europske unije i temelji na kojima ono počiva, a to su osnovne slobode kretanja roba, ljudi, usluga i kapitala. Uspostava unutarnjeg tržišta zasnovanog na četiri osnovne slobode kretanja postavljen je kao jedan od glavnih ciljeva Europske ekonomske zajednice prethodnice današnje Europske unije, već davne 1957. godine, potpisom Rimskih ugovora. Unutarnje tržište predstavlja projekt koji je u mnogočemu znatno poboljšao život Europljana. S aspekta potrošača omogućilo je veći izbor dobara i usluga po nižim cijenama, aktiviralo je konkurenciju u svim gospodarskim granama, poboljšalo osobnu sigurnost kroz bolju suradnju pravosuđa i policije i sl.. Povrh svega ono je oformilo fond ideja i talenata koji čini neiscrpni izvor za pronalaženje rješenja za ekonomske i socijalne probleme. Razvitkom ovog tržišta potaknut je i rast globalnih europskih korporacija koje velika sredstva ulažu u istraživanja, razvitak poljoprivrede, industrije, medicine i ostalog. Uz sve boljitke koje je unutarnje tržište donijelo građanima i dalje postoje određeni problemi koji se prvenstveno očituju u nemogućnosti definiranja jasne granice unutarnjeg tržišta, te stalnom usavršavanju propisa, zakonodavstava, a sve kako bi se slobode koje tržište pretpostavlja, mogle ostvariti u punom smislu te riječi. Stvaranje unutarnjeg tržišta imalo je i vrlo važan psihološki učinak na građane Europske unije. Ekonomije i tržišta su nekada bila definirana prema nacionalnim granicama, te je svako putovanje radi kupovine predstavljalo određeni stresni događaj popraćen carinskim kontrolama i neizvjesnim ishodom. Uspostavom ovog tržišta nisu nestale nacionalne i kulturne razlike stanovnika država članica, ali je integracija pospješila češća putovanja, aktivnije prelaženje granica, te upoznavanje s proizvodima, navikama i mentalitetima ljudi svih država članica Europske unije.The core of the interest of this final paper is the internal market of the European Union and its foundations, which are the basic freedoms of movement - goods, people, services and capital. The establishment of an internal market based on the four fundamental freedoms of movement was set as one of the main goals of the European Economic Community, the forerunner of today's European Union, back in 1957., with the signing of the Rome Treaties. The European Internal Market is a project that has greatly improved the lives of Europeans in many ways. From the aspect of consumers, it has enabled a greater choice of goods and services at lower prices, boosted competition in all economic sectors, improving personal security through better judicial and police co-operation and similary. Above all, it has created a fund of ideas and talents that makes an inexhaustible source for finding solutions to economic and social problems. The development of this market has also led to the growth of global European corporations that invest heavily in research, development of agriculture, industry, medicine and the like. In addition to all the improvements that the market has brought to its citizens, there are still certain problems which are primarily manifested in the inability to define the clear boundaries of the internal market, and the constant improvement of regulations, legislation and everything that the market is supposed to achieve in the full sense of the word. The creation of the internal market also had a very important psychological impact on the citizens of the European Union. Economies and markets were once defined by national boundaries, and every trip to shopping was a certain stressful event accompanied by customs controls and uncertain outcome. By establishing this market, national and cultural differences between the inhabitants of a member state have not disappeared, but integration has intensified more frequent travel, more active crossing of borders, and getting acquainted with the products, habits and mentalities of people of all EU member states