El modelo social de la discapacidad : una cuestión de derechos humanos

The social model of disability is presented as a new paradigm of the recent disability treatment, that has had theoretical and legal current development. It is a model that considers that the origins of disability are not either religious or scientific, but social in a great measure. From this new perspective, it is emphasized that the population with disability can contribute to the society in the same circumstances that the rest of the population, which integrates the society, all this from a valorization of the inclusion perspective and respect of diversity. This model is closely related with certain essential values which underline the Human Rights, such as human dignity, individual freedom and equality; all these conduce to a decrease of barriers and lead to a social inclusion that sets basis to principles as: personal autonomy, nondiscrimination, universal accessibility, environmental normalization, civil dialogue, inter alia. The premise is that disability is part of a social construction, and it is not the deficiency what prevents people with a disability to access or not to a particular social sphere, but the obstacles and barriers created by the society itself what limits and prevents people with disability to be included, to decide or to design autonomously their own life plan with opportunity equality. El modelo social de la discapacidad se presenta como un nuevo paradigma del tratamiento actual de la discapacidad, que ha tenido un desarrollo teórico y también normativo. Es un modelo que considera que las causas que originan la discapacidad no son religiosas, ni científicas, sino que son, en gran medida, sociales. Desde esta nueva perspectiva, se pone énfasis en que las personas con discapacidad pueden contribuir a la sociedad en iguales circunstancias que el resto de las demás personas, pero siempre desde la valorización a la inclusión y el respeto a lo diverso. Este modelo se encuentra íntimamente relacionado con los valores esenciales que fundamentan los Derechos Humanos, como la dignidad humana, la libertad personal y la igualdad, que propician la disminución de barreras y que dan lugar a la inclusión social, que pone como base los principios como: autonomía personal, no discriminación, accesibilidad universal, normalización del entorno, dialogo civil, entro otros. Se parte de la premisa de que la discapacidad es una construcción social, no es la deficiencia que impide a las personas con discapacidad acceder o no a un determinado ámbito social, sino los obstáculos y barreras que crea la misma sociedad, que limitan e impiden que las personas con discapacidad se incluyan, decidan o diseñen con autonomía su propio plan de vida en igualdad de oportunidades.The social model of disability is presented as a new paradigm of the recent disability treatment, that has had theoretical and legal current development. It is a model that considers that the origins of disability are not either religious or scientific, but social in a great measure. From this new perspective, it is emphasized that the population with disability can contribute to the society in the same circumstances that the rest of the population, which integrates the society, all this from a valorization of the inclusion perspective and respect of diversity. This model is closely related with certain essential values which underline the Human Rights, such as human dignity, individual freedom and equality; all these conduce to a decrease of barriers and lead to a social inclusion that sets basis to principles as: personal autonomy, nondiscrimination, universal accessibility, environmental normalization, civil dialogue, inter alia. The premise is that disability is part of a social construction, and it is not the deficiency what prevents people with a disability to access or not to a particular social sphere, but the obstacles and barriers created by the society itself what limits and prevents people with disability to be included, to decide or to design autonomously their own life plan with opportunity equality