Los programas de educación emocional happy 8-12 and happy 12-16. Evaluación de su impacto en las emociones y el bienestar

ABSTRACTDuring the last years it has been confirmed that emotional and well-being variables are of the uppermost importance for a proper academic and personal development of the students. Thus, there has been an important growth of interventions and programs that train this variables. The aim of the present research is to explore the differences among emotional and well-being variables in primary and secondary education students after undergoing the Happy 8-12 and the Happy 12-16 programs during an academic course. For the development of the study a total of 574 primary education students and 903 of secondary education participated in the study. The investigation followed a pre-post quasi-experimental design with a control group. The instruments that were used for the assessment included: CDE, CDE-SEC, STAIC, STAI and the average of the academic marks. Regarding the results, an analysis of covariance (ANOVA) with an intersubject factor and intrasubject factor was carried out for each one of the samples. An improvement in emotional scales and anxiety was found for the two samples, especially in the primary school sample. There was also an important improvement in the academic achievement. All in all results of the present study showed that the training of the emotional competences in primary education improves the emotional competences, reduces anxiety and enhances academic achievement. These results are not that prominent in secondary education, but they show a similar pattern.RESUMENDurante los últimos años se ha visto confirmada la importancia de las variables emocionales y de bienestar para un correcto desarrollo académico y personal del alumnado. Por este motivo ha existido un auge en las intervenciones y programas que trabajan estas variables. El objetivo de la presente investigación es conocer la diferencia existente entre las variables emocionales y de bienestar en alumnado de primaria y de secundaria después de haber participado en los programas de Educación Emocional Happy 8-12 y Happy 12-16 durante un curso escolar. Para el desarrollo del estudio se contó con la participación de un total de 574 alumnos de educación primaria y otros 903 de educación secundaria. El diseño de la investigación fue cuasiexperimental, pretest, postest con grupo control. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron los siguientes: CDE, CDE-SEC, STAIC, STAI y la media de las notas académicas. En cuanto a los resultados, se realizó un análisis de la varianza (ANOVA) con un factor intersujetos y un factor intrasujetos para cada una de las muestras. Se detectó una mejora en las escalas de competencias emocionales y ansiedad en las dos muestras, especialmente en primaria. También existió una importante mejoría en el rendimiento académico. Así pues, los resultados del presente estudio demuestran que el entrenamiento de las competencias emocionales en educación primaria mejora las competencias emocionales, disminuye la ansiedad y potencia el rendimiento académico, resultados que no se manifiestan de manera tan significativa en educación secundaria, aunque sí que muestran una tendencia muy parecida.ABSTRACTDuring the last years it has been confirmed that emotional and well-being variables are of the uppermost importance for a proper academic and personal development of the students. Thus, there has been an important growth of interventions and programs that train this variables. The aim of the present research is to explore the differences among emotional and well-being variables in primary and secondary education students after undergoing the Happy 8-12 and the Happy 12-16 programs during an academic course. For the development of the study a total of 574 primary education students and 903 of secondary education participated in the study. The investigation followed a pre-post quasi-experimental design with a control group. The instruments that were used for the assessment included: CDE, CDE-SEC, STAIC, STAI and the average of the academic marks. Regarding the results, an analysis of covariance (ANOVA) with an intersubject factor and intrasubject factor was carried out for each one of the samples. An improvement in emotional scales and anxiety was found for the two samples, especially in the primary school sample. There was also an important improvement in the academic achievement. All in all results of the present study showed that the training of the emotional competences in primary education improves the emotional competences, reduces anxiety and enhances academic achievement. These results are not that prominent in secondary education, but they show a similar pattern