Impacto de los estereotipos de género en la construcción de la identidad profesional de estudiantes universitarios

ABSTRACTThis paper presents the processes of reflection and analysis developed by college students on their last year of Educational Psychology Degree, from the University of Córdoba about the influence of gender stereotypes in the construction of professional identities of women and men. The experience is part of the Professional Guidance course, believing its content and pedagogical approach taken are be closely related to the design and development of professional projects by students and, it is expected that their future professional performance as mentors and counselors will be affected as a result. From a critical perspective, students identified the influence of certain factors of gender inequality in employment. We focus especially on gender socialization processes and the overload of domestic and family responsibility in the case of women. Through the construction of occupational family trees, we propose to discover strategies that perpetuate discrimination against a market structure differentiated by gender. The results show that sexual division of work and occupational segregation characterize the social and employment situation of women perpetuating gender discrimination. Therefore, such inequality factors should be considered in the process of vocational guidance.RESUMENEste artículo presenta los procesos de reflexión y análisis desarrollados por estudiantes universitarios de último curso de la titulación de Psicopedagogía de la Universidad de Córdoba en torno a la influencia de los estereotipos de género en la construcción de identidades profesionales de mujeres y hombres. La experiencia se enmarca en la asignatura de Orientación Profesional entendiendo que esta materia, así como la propuesta didáctica planteada, estarán íntimamente vinculadas con el proyecto profesional de este alumnado y también con su futuro desempeño profesional como orientadores y orientadoras. Desde una mirada crítica a la realidad laboral, identificamos en el aula la influencia de determinados factores de desigualdad de género en el empleo. Nos centramos especialmente en los procesos de socialización de género y la sobrecarga de responsabilidad doméstica y familiar en el caso de las mujeres. A través de la construcción de árboles genealógicos ocupacionales, nos proponemos descubrir estrategias de discriminación que perpetúan una estructura de mercado diferenciada en función del género. Los resultados obtenidos constatan que la división sexual del trabajo y la segregación ocupacional caracterizan la situación sociolaboral de las mujeres perpetuando la discriminación de género. Por tanto, tales factores de desigualdad deberán considerarse en los procesos de orientación profesional.ABSTRACTThis paper presents the processes of reflection and analysis developed by college students on their last year of Educational Psychology Degree, from the University of Córdoba about the influence of gender stereotypes in the construction of professional identities of women and men. The experience is part of the Professional Guidance course, believing its content and pedagogical approach taken are be closely related to the design and development of professional projects by students and, it is expected that their future professional performance as mentors and counselors will be affected as a result. From a critical perspective, students identified the influence of certain factors of gender inequality in employment. We focus especially on gender socialization processes and the overload of domestic and family responsibility in the case of women. Through the construction of occupational family trees, we propose to discover strategies that perpetuate discrimination against a market structure differentiated by gender. The results show that sexual division of work and occupational segregation characterize the social and employment situation of women perpetuating gender discrimination. Therefore, such inequality factors should be considered in the process of vocational guidance