El trabajo social comunitario ante la vulnerabilidad urbana: un estudio documental de regeneración de barrios

This article presents the results of documentary research about the experiences of Community Social Work in urban regeneration in vulnerable areas. Spanish cities as Alicante, Barcelona and Sant Adrià de Besòs. The method used has included the review of experiences that meet the following requirements: have occurred during the last two decades, that Community Social Work has played a significant role and that these cases were sufficiently documented. The analysis included variables such as urban vulnerability, types of actors involved, organizational structure, mechanisms of participation and power relations on the model of action sets. The results say that urban regeneration plans led by local government are characterized by rigid and vertical structures. The plans led by social organizations of the territory are characterized by more flexible and horizontal structures.Presentamos los resultados de una investigación documental sobre las experiencias de Trabajo Social Comunitario en la regeneración urbana de zonas vulnerables en las ciudades españolas de Alicante, Barcelona y Sant Adrià de Besòs. El método utilizado ha comprendido la revisión de experiencias que cumplieran los siguientes requisitos: hayan ocurrido durante las últimas dos décadas, que el Trabajo Social Comunitario haya tenido un papel significativo y estén suficientemente documentadas. La comparación de las experiencias se hizo a través de variables como vulnerabilidad urbana, tipología de actores participantes, estructura organizativa, mecanismos de participación y relaciones de poder según el Modelo de Conjuntos de Acción. Los resultados afirman, entre otras cosas, que los planes de regeneración urbanística liderados por las administraciones públicas suelen caracterizarse por estructuras rígidas y verticales, mientras que los planes liderados por las organizaciones sociales del territorio se caracterizan por estructuras más flexibles y horizontales.This article presents the results of documentary research about the experiences of Community Social Work in urban regeneration in vulnerable areas. Spanish cities as Alicante, Barcelona and Sant Adrià de Besòs. The method used has included the review of experiences that meet the following requirements: have occurred during the last two decades, that Community Social Work has played a significant role and that these cases were sufficiently documented. The analysis included variables such as urban vulnerability, types of actors involved, organizational structure, mechanisms of participation and power relations on the model of action sets. The results say that urban regeneration plans led by local government are characterized by rigid and vertical structures. The plans led by social organizations of the territory are characterized by more flexible and horizontal structures