Spatial Layout and Coupling of Urban Cultural Relics: Analyzing Historical Sites and Commercial Facilities in District III of Shaoxing

Exploring the spatial coupling relationship between cultural relics and historic sites and their surroundings can provide reasonable suggestions for the layout and development of commercial facilities and hold crucial significance for improving the management and maintenance of cultural relics and historical sites, as well as enhancing their attractiveness to the public. We chose District III of Shaoxing City as the research area based on the point of interest and road network data. This study analyzed the scale and accessibility of cultural relics and historic sites (CRHSs) as well as their surrounding commercial facilities, and then objectively evaluated their spatial layout and coupling relationship by employing kernel density estimation, standard deviation ellipse, network analysis, inverse distance weight and the spatial correlation analysis method. The results show that: (1) from the perspective of spatial layout, the distribution of CRHSs has a positive and strong correlation with the distribution of road networks; (2) there are noticeable variations in the number of industrial facilities surrounding various CRHSs, closely related to the protection grade of CRHSs; (3) the accessibility of commercial facilities surrounding CRHS varies significantly—commercial facilities surrounding CRHSs located within central District III of Shaoxing City have good accessibility, whereas those of the peripheral areas have comparatively poor accessibility; and (4) the accessibility of commercial facilities surrounding CRHSs in different administrative districts varies, showing an extremely uneven pattern