The social-ecological system approach A concept to assess the consequences of climate alterations on fishers communities

International audienceThis presentation is focused on a methodological proposal for adaptation of social-ecological systems governance allowing to reduce vulnerabilities and to increase the capabilities of fishers communities impacted by environmental alterations. A five-step approach is developed: the assessment of environmental alterations on communities, the categorization of social-environmental vulnerabilities of communities, the assessment of capabilities, the pointing out of societal resilience factors, the adaptation of the social ecological systems governance to face up to environmental alterations with the analysis of effects of national or regional public policies, with the analysis of impacts and adaptability of local governance facing environmental alterations, with a special focus on the capacity of protected areas to be an option for a better adaptation of social-ecological systems governance facing environmental alterations. A method is described: the observation units, a compilation of documents relating to livelihoods strategies of selected communities, a compilation of development plans relating to public policies and of institutional and judicial texts on local governance of selected social-ecological systems, a completion of the social-ecological governance analysis framework by defining the problems that governance raises, a completion of village monographs, a carrying out of an household sample-based survey relating to the perception of environmental alterations, the categorization of socio-environmental vulnerabilities, household functionings and capabilities, societal resilience factors, a mapping of environmental alterations and of communities socio-environmental vulnerabilities. Two possible case studies are presented: the Imraguen social-ecosystem of the Banc d'Arguin National Park, the Bamboung marine protected area social-ecosystem