International audienceThe similar dams of Arzal (Vilaine, France) and Diama (Mauritania-Senegal frontier) have same strategic functions for the regions and countries where they are built as fresh waters storage. They also had similar consequences over the ecosystems and local and regional activities.The imperfect results of the belated remediations also had as disastrous induced effects and leave the populations and ecosystems in a fragile and vulnerable situation if confronted with any environmental (drought, flood …), socio-economical or political (relations between Mauritania and Senegal) crisis.Les barrages d’Arzal sur la Vilaine (France) et de Diama sur le fleuve Sénégal à la frontière mauritano-sénégalaise, ont les mêmes fonctions pri...