M. Guy Cousineau président M. François Fages rapporteur M. Furio Honsell rapporteur M. Roberto Di Cosmo directeur de thèse M. Pierpaolo Degano M. Giorgio Levi Mlle Francesca ScozzariGame theory had, in its origins, a vocation for social and economic sciences, with disparate applications, for example in the processing of medical data. It is perceived today as a very general paradigm of concepts and techniques, whose potential still remains to be discovered in computer science. In this thesis we study a particular branch, combinatorial game theory (with two players), in order to profit from it in the very active field of formal semantics of programming languages. Within a game, we can separate the syntactic aspect, inherent in the possible ou...