Thèse publiée dans la collection des Mémoires de Géosciences Rennes (ISSN 1240-1498) : Mémoire n° 117 (ISBN 2-914375-33-6)The study of localisation of deformation in brittle/ductile media aims to understand from a mechanical point of view the development of multi-scales fracture patterns, which are characteristic of intra-continental deformation. Experimental modelling of collision at lithospheric scale allows to reproduce and follow with time the fracturation process. The obtained fault patterns have statistical properties similar to the ones of natural fault patterns. Detailed analysis of deformation and fracture organisation provides meaningful information on the system evolution and on the localisation of deformation at large scale. The...