This thesis presents the design of multicriteria 2D image-based controllers to position a 3-DOF camera with respect to a fixed or mobile target. The camera is supposed to be supported by a robotic system which allows any horizontal translations and rotations about the vertical axis. The frequency and the quality of information delivered by the CCD cameras which equip today the robots make indeed possible the direct alimentation of the loops of control by visual measurements of the environment. The model considered is defined in the framework of the task function approach and is based on the concept of screw of interaction which allows linking up the movement of the camera with the variation of the visual indices. The objective of this work ...