Criminal offences against marriage, family and children in theory and case law

Kazniva dejanja zoper zakonsko zvezo, družino in otroke so inkorporirana v enaindvajseto poglavje Kazenskega zakonika KZ-1. Iz tega izhaja, da zakonska zveza, družina in mladina kot pomembne družbene vrednote uživajo tudi kazenskopravno zaščito, vendar ne v absolutnem smislu. Zaradi intimnosti odnosov v zakonski zvezi in družini niti predpisi družinskega prava kot matične veje prava ne normirajo vseh odnosov v vseh pogledih, ampak regulirajo le pravna razmerja v zakonski zvezi in družini. Pomembno pa je vedeti, da je predmet kazenskopravne zaščite še ožji. Iz navedenega izhaja, da lahko država intervenira s kazenskimi sankcijami le tedaj, ko ostali razpoložljivi pravni ukrepi ne zadoščajo za vzpostavitev ali ohranitev zdravih odnosov v družini in zakonski zvezi. »S tem ko so posledice kršitve določenih dolžnosti, ki jih posameznikom nalagajo predpisi družinskega prava, opredeljene kot kaznivo dejanje, se skuša tudi s pomočjo kazenskega prava v prvi vrsti zavarovati človek kot družinski član in posledično družina kot temelj zdravega razvoja družbe kot celote«. Na podlagi navedenega je moč ugotoviti, da so objekti kazenskopravnega varstva v tem poglavju zakonska zveza, družina, mladoletne osebe in otroci. Kot ugotavlja Selinškova, pa pravo v nobenem primeru ne more obuditi zbledelih čustvenih vezi v družini, temveč lahko le z različnimi ukrepi zagotovi spoštovanje družinskih obveznosti takrat, ko jih posamezniki iz različnih razlogov ne želijo prostovoljno izpolnjevati. Kljub temu, da so kazniva dejanja iz enaindvajsetega poglavja statistično zanemarljiva, gre za pomemben del Kazenskega zakonika, ki mu je zaradi občutljivosti narave objektov varstva potrebno posvetiti precejšnjo mero pozornosti.Criminal offences against marriage, family and children are incorporated into Chapter Twenty-One of the Slovene Penal Code KZ-1. It follows from this that marriage, family and youth as important social values thus enjoy criminal law protection but not in an absolute sense. Matrimonial and family relations being intimate, not even the regulations of family law as the main area of law codify all relations in all respects, but rather regulate only legal relations in a marriage and family. And it is important to know that the object of criminal law protection is even more narrowly-defined. It follows from the foregoing that the state can only intervene by imposing criminal sanctions when all the other available legal measures fail to establish or preserve healthy relations in a family and marriage. “Defining the consequences of violating certain obligations imposed on individuals by family law regulations as criminal offences, criminal law attempts, first and foremost, to protect man as a family member and consequently family as a basis for a healthy development of society as a whole”. On the basis of the above it can be established that the objects of the criminal law protection in this chapter are marriage, family, minors and children. As Selinšek notes, the law can in no way restore the weakened emotional connections in a familyit can only use various, coercive if need be, measures to ensure family obligations are being honoured in cases when individuals, for various reasons, do not wish to fulfil them of their own accord. Despite the fact that criminal offences in Chapter Twenty-One are statistically negligible this is an important part of the Penal Code, which deserves a significant amount of attention due to the sensitive nature of the objects of protection