Diversity od genetic resources of leafy kale (Brassica oleracea L.)

Listni ohrovt (Brassica oleracea L.) je manj razširjena vrtnina, ki v zadnjem času vse bolj pridobiva na pomenu kot del zdrave prehrane, saj vsebuje številne zdravju koristne snovi. Namen magistrskega dela je bil preučiti raznolikost 18 genskih virov listnega ohrovta iz genskih bank v jugovzhodne Evrope. Na morfološkem nivoju smo raznolikost določali z uporabo 36 IBPGR deskriptorjev v vegetativni in generativni fazi rasti. Na biokemijskem nivoju smo raznolikost ovrednotili z meritvami vsebnosti skupnih fenolnih spojin s pomočjo Folin-Ciocalteu reagenta, antioksidacijskega potenciala po DPPH metodi in vsebnosti skupnih flavonoidov z aluminijevim kloridom. Stopnjo genetske raznolikosti smo določili z uporabo mikrosatelitnih markerjev. Pri vsakem obravnavanem genskemu viru smo v sklopu morfološke karakterizacije v vegetativni fazi rasti izmerili 9 numeričnih morfoloških parametrov, v generativni fazi pa ovrednotili 18 opisnih in izmerili 9 numeričnih morfoloških parametrov. Na podlagi rezultatov smo genske vire razvrstili in opisali glede na morfološke značilnosti. Največjo raznolikost na biokemijskem nivoju smo opazili pri antioksidacijskem potencialu in najmanjšo pri vsebnosti skupnih flavonoidov. Z mikrosateliti smo določili stopnjo raznolikosti med posameznimi genskimi viri listnega ohrovta in oblikovali tri genetske skupine. Pridobljene informacije in rezultati magistrskega dela bodo osnova za opis genskih virov listnatega ohrovta v različnih bazah podatkov ter uporabni pri nadaljnjih programih žlahtnjenja.Leafy kale (Brassica oleracea L.) is a less common vegetable that is recently gaining in importance as part of a healthy diet since it contains many health-promoting substances. The purpose of the master\u27s thesis was to examine the diversity of 18 genetic resources of leafy kale from gene banks of South-Eastern Europe. At the morphological level, diversity was determined using 36 IBPGR descriptors during the vegetative and generative growth phases. At the biochemical level, diversity was evaluated by measuring the content of total phenolic compounds using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, antioxidant potential according to the DPPH method and the content of total flavonoids using aluminium chloride. Genetic diversity was determined using microsatellite markers. Within the morphological characterisation, 9 numerical morphological parameters were measured for each genetic resource in the vegetative growth phase, and 18 descriptive and 9 numerical morphological parameters were described/measured in the generative phase. Based on the results, genetic resources were classified and described according to morphological characteristics. At the biochemical level, the highest diversity was observed for antioxidant potential and the lowest for the total flavonoid content. Genetic diversity between individual genetic resources of leafy kale was determined using microsatelites and three genetic groups were formed. The information obtained and the results of the master\u27s thesis will be the basis for the description of genetic resources of leafy kales in databases and useful in further breeding programes