Detecting similarities and homologies between proteins is a key step during the annotation process. To find such homologies, multiple sequence alignments are widely used. These methods provide global to local alignment features. Nevertheless, in the so called "Twilight Zone", one must relies on fold recognition methods to find homologous proteins. In this field, the Protein Threading Problem (PTP) uses pairwise parameters to globaly align a protein sequence with a protein structure. As far as we know, no local alignment method using pairwise parameters exists. Based on the PTP, we proposed 5 mathematical formulations of such local alignments. These formulations have been implemented and tested with CPLEX 10.0 package. Then, we developed an ...