From 1870-1919 French children's literature echoes sociological, pedagogical and ideological change. Studying the impact of war on children's publications involves working back to official directives, as well as observing the latter's effect within, outside or peripheral to the school context. The heart of this problematic is to be found in the question of obedience to, or deviation from, governmental directives. The Third Republic's educational doctrine (1880-1890) is a decisive stage in orientating minds towards an "ethics in action". School manuals, spelling-books, illustrated albums and library books take over from official ideology, and chart the move from the full flush of civic commitment to patriotic exaltation. Iconography takes it...