Error in Constitutive Relation (ECR) methods measure model error by evaluating the difference between admissible fields using an energy norm. This technique presents interesting features such as good ability to spatially localize erroneously modeled regions, strong robustness in presence of noisy data, and good regularity properties of cost functions. On the other hand, the Kalman filter (KF) is a prediction-correction algorithm for recursive system estimation. The KF is particularly suitable for studying evolutionary systems embedding noisy data from both model and observation. The main part of this work is devoted to establish and evaluate a general-purpose identification approach using ECR and KF. In order to achieve this goal, the ECR i...