Les plasmas froids, nouvelle stratégie thérapeutique en cancérologie

In the context of new innovated antitumor treatment discovery, we evaluated the efficacy of a new local treatment based on non-thermal plasma (NTP). NTP is a cold (in this case, <40°C) ionized gas (a ir or noble gas) thanks to an electric discharge. It contains free charges (electrons, ions), free radicals and excited molecules. It can be generated at the end of a catheter allowing a local treatment that is compatible with usual endoscopes for dysplasia or non resecable tumors. We showed that NTP has a significant antitumor effect in vitro on various cell lines including colorectal, pancreatic, lung and brain tumor cells. The major action mechanisms of NTP was linked to a high rate generation of ROS in the vicinity of tumors cells and others plasma components have a minor implications. These ROS induce lethal DNA damages leading to a multiphase cell cycle arrest and finally to apoptosis. In vivo, a good tolerance of plasma treatment was highlighted and NTP treatment parameter was defined. Using subcutaneous xenografts and bioluminescence imaging, we showed a major antitumor effect of plasma in vivo with a 60% increase of mice life span. NTP treatments of tumor induce a tumor cell cycle arrest with a significant apoptosis induction in the whole tumor without increase of necrotic area. This in vivo antitumor effect was also observed with an in situ treatment using plasma gun of colorectal and pancreatic orthotopic tumor xenografts. A significant increase of mice lifespan (115%) was obtained together with a metastasis decrease. These results obtained in translational research showed the potential antitumor activity of NTP as a new type of treatment for cancer treatment.Dans la recherche de thérapie antitumorale de plus en plus innovante, nous avons évalué un traitement local basé sur l’utilisation de plasma froid. Le plasma froid (dans ce cas,