This thesis presents some results of analysis in Lp-spaces, especially often noncommutative. Thefirst part exhibits large classes of contractions on noncommutative Lp-spaces which satisfy the noncommutativeanalogue of Matsaev’s conjecture. Moreover, this part gives a comparison between variousnorms arising naturally from this field. The second part is devoted to square functions. The firstmain result states that if T is an R-Ritt operator on a Lp-space then the involved square functionsare equivalent. The second principal result is a characterization of some square functions estimatesin terms of dilations. In the third part of this thesis, we introduce some new square functions forRitt operators defined on noncommutative Lp-spaces. The main...