Supercomputers’ evolution is at the source of both hardware and software challenges. In the quest for the highest computing power, the interdependence in-between simulation components is becoming more and more impacting, requiring new approaches. This thesis is focused on the software development aspect and particularly on the observation of parallel software when being run on several thousand cores. This observation aims at providing developers with the necessary feedback when running a program on an execution substrate which has not been modeled yet because of its complexity. In this purpose, we firstly introduce the development process from a global point of view, before describing developer tools and related work. In a second time, we p...