Focal Ablation Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Literature Review

The incidence and mortality of prostate cancer (PCa) are gradually increasing. Traditional treatments for PCa may result numerous side effects and complications that affect patients’ quality of life. Furthermore, older patients frequently cannot tolerate conventional treatments, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Thus, minimally invasive and effective therapeutic approaches for PCa need to be developed for clinical practice. Focal ablation therapy, which uses high temperature to destroy tumors, holds promise as one such approach. It has been applied to PCa in several countries with gradual success and clinical practice This review briefly discusses the application of high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation (HIFU), cryoablation, laser ablation (LA), and radiofrequency and microwave ablation (RFA, MWA) for PCa, including the principles of treatment, clinical effects, and complications. The aim of this review is to provide a reliable reference for the application of focal ablation therapy to PCa