Spectroscopic measurements of solids immersed in water at high pressure using a long-duration nanosecond laser pulse

The effects of pressure on the emission lines of a submerged metallic plate irradiated by a long 150 ns duration laser pulse have been investigated. While spectroscopic measurements using multiple-pulse irradiation of submerged targets are sensitive to pressure, the interactions of a long-pulse occur during a time window where the properties of the laser pulse dominate the transient pressures surrounding the ablated region. The emission lines are not sensitive to external pressures of up to 30 MPa, and the results demonstrate that long-pulse ablation is available as an analytical technique to study solids immersed at high pressur