BATTERY ELECTRIC ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS IN THE SLOVENIAN POWER SYSTEM

Slovenski sistemski operater elektroenergetskega prenosnega omrežja je odgovoren za vzdrževanje ravnotežja med porabo in proizvodnjo električne energije v vsakem trenutku. Za ta namen sistemski operater uporablja orodje, sistemsko storitev – regulacija delovne moči in frekvence. To storitev večinoma izvajajo sistemske elektrarne, ki pa morajo za ta namen biti ves čas v obratovanju. Slovenski sistemski operater se na področju sekundarne regulacije frekvence srečuje predvsem z nezadostno količino sistemskih virov kar pomeni tudi slabšo kakovost izvajanja te sistemske storitve. Tehnološki razvoj elektrokemijskih hranilnikov električne energije že omogoča nove vire sistemskih storitev, tudi na področju regulacije frekvence. V primeru vključitve baterijskih hranilnikov v sekundarno regulacijo frekvence bi se predvsem izboljšala kakovost izvajanja te storitve. V magistrski nalogi je raziskano področje sekundarne regulacije frekvence in izpostavljene so glavne težave na tem področju. Podrobno so proučene različne tehnologije baterijskih hranilnikov električne energije, ki bi bile primerne za izvajanje regulacije frekvence v elektroenergetskem sistemu Slovenije. Za določitev primerne velikosti hranilnika so opravljene simulacije delovanja sekundarne regulacije frekvence v slovenskem elektroenergetskem sistemu z vključenim baterijskim hranilnikom električne energije. Na podlagi rezultatov in dostopnih podatkov tudi tujih virov je določena priporočena velikost baterijskega hranilnika za potrebe slovenskega elektroenergetskega sistema. Glede na razpoložljivi prostor v sistemu in dodatne funkcije hranilnika je določeno tudi število baterijskih hranilniških sistemov in njihovo mesto vključitve v elektroenergetski sistem Slovenije.Slovenian transmission system operator is responsible for maintaining the balance between the consumption and the production of the electricity at any given moment. To achieve this goal, the transmission system operator uses an ancillary service called active power and frequency control. These service is mostly provided by the conventional power units, which must for this purpose be in operation at all times. In the field of secondary frequency control, Slovenian transmission system operator is facing a lack of secondary control reserves on the ancillary market. This also effects the quality of the secondary frequency control performance. The technological development of the electrochemical storages for electricity, is delivering new sources of ancillary services in the field of frequency regulation. The inclusion of battery energy storage systems in the secondary frequency control could improve the performance quality of this service. In master thesis, the area of secondary frequency control is analysed and major problems are identified. Various battery storage technologies which could be suitable for the frequency control in the power system of Slovenia, were examined. To determine the appropriate size of the battery storage, simulations of the secondary frequency control performance with battery storage systems included have been performed. Based on the results and on the research, the recommended battery storage system size for Slovenian power system is introduced. Considering the available space and any additional storage functionalities, number of battery storage units and their points of connection into the Slovenian power system are being introduced