The link between systematc planned listening to a chosen musical programme and autism spectrum disorders and moderate mental development disorders

Rezultati dosedanjih raziskav, ki ugotavljajo, da sistematično načrtovano poslušanje izbranega glasbenega programa spodbuja delovanje različnih predelov možganov, jih med seboj povezuje v sinhrono delovanje, spodbuja in izboljšuje določene miselne funkcije in procese v možganih, ki so povezani z nekaterimi, na videz nepovezanimi, kognitivnimi sposobnostmi, so nas spodbudili k preučevanju, ali glasbene dejavnosti s poudarkom na sistematično načrtovanem poslušanju izbranega glasbenega programa. Na temelju rezultatov in analize raziskave ugotavljamo, da metoda TLP pomembno prispeva k zmanjševanju bojazni pred določenimi dejavnostmi in predmeti, k izboljšanju komunikacijskih sposobnosti (verbalnih in neverbalnih) in k izboljšanju sposobnosti pozornosti pri otroku z zmernimi motnjami v duševnem razvoju in z motnjami avtističnega spektra. V teoretičnem delu specialističnega dela so predstavljena teoretična izhodišča našega raziskovanja s področja glasbene terapije oz. pomoči z glasbo otrokom s posebnimi potrebami. Poglobljeno so opisani osnovna metoda našega glasbenoterapvtskega dela in preučevanja, metoda poslušanja The Listening Program ter otroci s posebnimi potrebami in težavami. V empiričnem delu specialističnega dela je predstavljena kvalitativna raziskovalna metoda študije primera po modelu akcijskega raziskovanja, časovni in vsebinski program pomoči z glasbo, potek raziskovanja ter učinki sistematičnega poslušanja izbrane glasbe na dečka z MAS in ZMDR diagnozo. Rezultati potrjujejo, da sistematično poslušanje izbranega glasbenega programa blaži ali celo odpravi bojazni pred nekaterimi dejavnostmi in predmeti, razvija komunikacijske sposobnosti (verbalne in neverbalne) in sposobnosti usmerjene pozornosti. Specialistično delo prikazuje praktično uporabnost TLP metode v naši glasbenoterapevtski praksi in njeno učinkovitost pri otrocih z MAS ter ZMDR diagnozo v različnih ustanovah, kot so dnevni centri, šole in vrtci.The results of the research carried out so far show that a systematically planned listening program stimulates different parts of the brain and enables their synchronic interaction. It also stimulates and improves certain thinking functions and processes in the brain, which are connected to some cognitive abilities which may seem unrelated. These results encouraged us to study if music activities with the emphasis on systematically planned listening programme help a child with autism spectrum disorder and with moderate mental retaedation to reduce, overcome or ever beat fear of some activities and objects, as well as if they help him to develop his communication skills and abilities to direct his attention. The theoretical part of the specialist thesis deals with the theoretical basis of our research in the field of music therapy, in other words to what extent music can help children with special needs. The basic method of music therapy and its studies, the method of listening. The Listening program and the children with special needs and difficulties are described in details. The empirical part of the specialist thesis includes the qualitative research method of studying the case based on the model of action research, the time plan, the program of music contents, the research itself and the effects of a systematically planned listening program on a boy with the ASD and MMR diagnoses. The results confirm that a systematically planned listening program reduces or ever beats fear of some activities and objects, helps to develop communication skills (verbal and non-verbal) and the abilities to direct the attention. My specialist thesis shows the practical use of TLP methodology in our music therapy practice and its effects on children with ASD and MMR diagnoses in different institutions, such as day care centres, schools and kindergartens