Statistical analysis of the main incremental forming-SPIF process parameters that contribute to the change the roughness in an experimental geometry

Over time the process of incremental deformation of sheet metal without matrix in its variant (SPIF), has been developed in different countries with the aim of meeting the needs of flexible production with no investment in tooling and low production costs. As in any manufacturing process is important to obtain a surface quality of the part that meets customer needs, this variable is evaluated by the average roughness (Ra). For this reason the purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of the variation of three process parameters and determine which of them contributes in greater proportion to the change in the average roughness (Ra) measured parallel and perpendicular to the path followed by the tool. Besides this, it wants to validate the impact that has the spindle speed in the analyzed variable and the orange peel defect. To this end, a full multifactorial design of experiments with three factors and two levels () and three replicates were performed, in order to obtain greater reliability in the model. Subsequently, an analysis of variance is executed and the results are formalized, finding which parameters influence more than others in changing roughness and how the orange peel defect depends on the spindle speed. Additionally, the results are compared with the authors cited. The aspects developed in this study highlight the importance of improving quality variables in any field of sheet metal processing in the international industrial environment