A Working Memory Perspective on Language Research——Models and Implications

工作记忆是认知心理学和认知神经学的重要理论概念,它对语言等复杂认知行为的研究具有重大理论意义。通过与短时记忆概念的对比,本文阐述工作记忆概念的具体含义,梳理欧洲和北美具有代表性的、与语言研究密切相关的四种工作记忆理论模型和两种广为采用的研究方法,分析工作记忆对语言习得、言语理解以及传译等语言研究领域带来的重要启示。Working memory(WM) is a key theoretical concept from cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience.It has a great deal to offer research into complex cognitive behaviors such as language.This paper clarifies the concept of WM through comparison with the better known concept of short-term memory,and presents a critical review of four influential WM models which are highly relevant to language research and two common research methodologies.The paper also provides an analysis of the implications of WM theories for research into various fields concerning language,including language acquisition,language comprehension,and interpreting(both spoken and signed).国家社科基金项目“手语翻译理论建构”(08CYY005)的阶段性成