Re-exploring Credit System: Formation, Evolution,Problems and Prospect of Credit System

学分制源自德国选修制,学习自由是其最根本的理念,以生为本、终身学习则是在该理念基础上衍生而来的。理念的嬗变必然会导致功能的累加,从测量计算到契约协议再到资源配置和积累转换,学分制经历了一个不断完善的过程。如今,我国高校学分制改革似乎“误入歧途“,究其根源仍在于对学分制本质认识有所偏差。国外对学分制的研究更多聚焦在学分互认和终身学习方面,这将是我国学分制未来发展的新动向。The credit system was originated from the elective system in Germany, with "freedom in learning"as it's the most basic idea.Besides, both "students oriented" and "life-long learning" derive from this idea.The changes of ideas inevitably lead to the accumulation of functions of credit system,that is,from calculation to agreement and then to resource allocation and accumulation and transfer,the credit system has experienced a period of everlasting perfection.Nowadays,the reform of the credit system in Chinese universities and colleges seems to "go astray", which is caused by the misunderstanding of the essence of the credit system.However, the research in foreign countries is not so mysterious.They mainly focus on "accumulation and transfer of the credit"and "life-long learning", which will be the new tendency of the development of the credit system in China