Crossed nonaphasia in a dextral with left hemispheric lesions - A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of mirrored brain organization

Background —General conclusions concerning mechanisms of cerebral lateralization may be learned from the investiga- tion of functional brain organization in patients with anomalous lateralization. Case Description —The functional organization of language, attention, and motor performance was investigated in a 42-year-old patient with crossed nonaphasia by means of functional MRI. The strongly right-handed man experienced a left middle cerebral artery infarction documented by MRI without exhibition of aphasia. However, the left hemispheric stroke was accompanied by visuospatial impairment, right-sided slight sensory and motor paresis, and right homonymous hemianopia. No history of familial sinistrality or prior neurological illness was present. Functional MR language mapping revealed strong right hemispheric activation in inferior frontal and superior temporal cortices. Finger tapping with the right hand recruited ipsilateral premotor and motor areas as well as supplementary motor cortex. A Stroop task, usually strongly associated with left-sided inferior frontal activation in dextrals, resulted in strong right hemispheric frontal activation. Conclusions —From our data there is clear evidence that different modalities, such as language perception and production, attention, and motor performance, are processed exclusively by 1 hemisphere when atypical cerebral dominance is present